Thymosin α1 and Its Role in Viral Infectious Diseases: The Mechanism and Clinical Application

doi:10.3390/molecules28083539

Residential College	false
Status	已發表Published
	Thymosin α1 and Its Role in Viral Infectious Diseases: The Mechanism and Clinical Application
	Tao, Nana 1; Xu, Xie 1; Ying, Yuyuan 1; Hu, Shiyu 1; Sun, Qingru 1; Lv, Guiyuan 1; Gao, Jianli 1,2
	2023-04-01
Source Publication	Molecules
Volume	28 Issue:8
Abstract	Thymosin α1 (Tα1) is an immunostimulatory peptide that is commonly used as an immune enhancer in viral infectious diseases such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Tα1 can influence the functions of immune cells, such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, and natural killer cells, by interacting with various Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Generally, Tα1 can bind to TLR3/4/9 and activate downstream IRF3 and NF-κB signal pathways, thus promoting the proliferation and activation of target immune cells. Moreover, TLR2 and TLR7 are also associated with Tα1. TLR2/NF-κB, TLR2/p38MAPK, or TLR7/MyD88 signaling pathways are activated by Tα1 to promote the production of various cytokines, thereby enhancing the innate and adaptive immune responses. At present, there are many reports on the clinical application and pharmacological research of Tα1, but there is no systematic review to analyze its exact clinical efficacy in these viral infectious diseases via its modulation of immune function. This review offers an overview and discussion of the characteristics of Tα1, its immunomodulatory properties, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects, and its clinical applications in antiviral therapy.
Keyword	COVID-19 immune regulation protein structure thymosin α1 virus infection
DOI	10.3390/molecules28083539
URL	View the original
Language	英語English
Scopus ID	2-s2.0-85156098628
Fulltext Access	View Full-Text via DOI View Full-Text via Web of Science View Full-Text via Scopus
Citation statistics
Document Type	Journal article
Collection	University of Macau
Affiliation	1.School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China 2.State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, 999078, Macao
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714	Tao, Nana,Xu, Xie,Ying, Yuyuan,et al. Thymosin α1 and Its Role in Viral Infectious Diseases: The Mechanism and Clinical Application[J]. Molecules, 2023, 28(8).
APA	Tao, Nana., Xu, Xie., Ying, Yuyuan., Hu, Shiyu., Sun, Qingru., Lv, Guiyuan., & Gao, Jianli (2023). Thymosin α1 and Its Role in Viral Infectious Diseases: The Mechanism and Clinical Application. Molecules, 28(8).
MLA	Tao, Nana,et al."Thymosin α1 and Its Role in Viral Infectious Diseases: The Mechanism and Clinical Application".Molecules 28.8(2023).

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