随着人工智能对算力 (电力) 需求的指数增长, 高性能计算芯片对供电效率、密度提出了严苛 的要求, 高密度电源管理芯片成为制约算力发展的显著瓶颈, 是高性能计算芯片的重要共性支撑. 面 对高算力芯片的供电功率、密度与效率的综合性巨大挑战, 以及集成芯片系统的新供电场景, 传统的分 立供电架构、控制技术等亟待突破. 基于国家自然科学基金委员会第 347 期 “双清论坛 (青年)” 关于 集成电路未来发展及关键问题的广泛讨论, 本文总结了电源管理芯片方向发展上的关键问题与挑战. 本文从目前主流处理器的前沿供电技术的发展现状出发, 讨论了高性能处理器供电技术的长期发展趋 势, 并给出未来关键技术的发展预测, 从电源管理系统架构、控制技术、无源器件集成、封装形态等方 面提出研究建议, 为我国集成芯片高密度供电技术的发展提供重要的理论支撑.

With the exponential growth of artificial intelligence’s demand for computing power (electricity), high-performance computing chips have put forward strict requirements for power supply efficiency and density. High-density power management integrated circuits (ICs) have become a significant bottleneck that restricts the development of computing power and are an important factor in high-performance computing (HPC). For the power converter challenges of output power, density, and efficiency for HPC systems and the new power supply application scenarios for integrated chips systems, the traditional discrete power supply architecture and control technique are in urgent need of breakthroughs. Based on extensive discussion on the future development and key issues of integrated circuits at the latest forum organized by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, this paper summarizes the key issues and challenges in the development of power management ICs. This paper starts with the current development status of cutting-edge power supply technology for mainstream processors, discusses the long-term development trend of high-performance processor power supply technology, and gives development predictions for key technologies from the perspectives of power management system architecture, control technique, and passive components.