As a big data source, patents contain plenty of frontier knowledge. At present, various manual and automatic methodologies have been integrated into data mining and text mining patent analyses. Patent-related databases and operational tools are abundant. This chapter introduces the big data analysis based on patent data in biomedical research and development, including the current status of patent data utilization, patent landscape analysis, chemical and biological information data mining, pharmaceutics patent analysis, and practical operations. Besides the introduction of data analysis methods, we focus on the practical operational issues as well. The workflow of a complete patent analysis and the specific database instructions are clearly demonstrated. A case study is included for practice research.