Five previously undescribed compounds including two triterpenoid aglycones, 3 beta,23-dihydroxy-1,12-dioxo-olean-28-oic acid and 3 beta,23,27-trihydroxy-1-oxo-olean-12-ene-28-oic acid, and three triterpenoid glucosides cyclocarioside L-N, along with 17 known compounds were isolated from a CH3Cl-soluble extract of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. Two 27-nor-triterpenoid glycosides were isolated from the genus for the first time. Furthermore, the characterized compounds were tested for the inhibitory effects on apoliprotein B48 secretion in Caco-2 cells. Seven triterpenoid aglycones together with four triterpenoid saponins significantly decreased the apoliprotein B48 oversecretion induced by oleic acid in Caco-2 cells.