For more environmentally sustainable development, the recovery of resource or energy from wastes has attracted more worldwide attention in recent years. Many studies have been done on the process of biodiesel production from real wastewater by oleaginous yeast under non-sterile conditions. Meanwhile, the direct transesterification process, applicable to the wet biomass, has also been developed for the biodiesel production to reduce the cost of dewatering process that contributes to the biggest proportion in energy consumption. There have also been some studies related to the economic analysis of biodiesel production process from microalgae, sunflower oil, waste cooking oil, tallow and so on. However, little study has been done in the economic cost analysis for biodiesel production processes by oleaginous yeasts, especially combined with the wastewater treatment process. This work estimates the economic cost of biodiesel production process from food industry wastewater by oleaginous yeast based on batch and semi-continuous modes. Comparison of economic costs between the conventional wastewater treatment process, the biodiesel production from sunflower oil and microalgae, and the combined biodiesel production and wastewater treatment process from oleaginous yeasts has been performed.