With the pot experiments, the phytoxicity and biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in soil were investigated. The effects of inoculation of petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated form the petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil on the phytoxicity and biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon in soil were also investigated. It was indicated that with the increasing of petroleum hydrocarbon addition the growth of the root was stimulated until 1 000 mg/kg. However the stimulation decreased under the treatment of more than1 000 mg/kg petroleum hydrocarbon. The petroleum hydrocarbon could be degraded by the rice and soil microbe. The results indicated that with the inoculation of petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium, the soil petroleum hydrocarbon under the treatment of rice got the highest biodegradation(53.3%).