This paper analyzes the mobility and stiffness of a three-prismatic-revolute-cylindrical (3-PRC) translational parallel manipulator (TPM). Firstly, the original 3-PRC TPM is converted into a non-overconstrained manipulator since there exist some practical problems for the overconstrained mechanism. By resorting to the screw theory, it is demonstrated that the conversion brings no influences to the mobility and kinematics of the manipulator. Secondly, the stiffness matrix is derived intuitively via an alternative approach based upon screw theory with the consideration of actuations and constraints, and the compliances subject to both actuators and legs are taken into account to establish the stiffness model. Furthermore, the stiffness performance of the manipulator is evaluated by utilizing the extremum stiffness values over the usable workspace, and the influences of design parameters on stiffness properties are presented, which will be helpful for the architecture design of the TPM. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.