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Personal Privacy Protection via Irrelevant Faces Tracking and Pixelation in Video Live Streaming
Zhou,Jizhe; Pun,Chi Man
2020-10-09
Source PublicationIEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
ISSN1556-6013
Volume16Pages:1088-1103
Abstract

To date, the privacy-protection intended pixelation tasks are still labor-intensive and yet to be studied. With the prevailing of video live streaming, establishing an online face pixelation mechanism during streaming is an urgency. In this paper, we develop a new method called Face Pixelation in Video Live Streaming (FPVLS) to generate automatic personal privacy filtering during unconstrained streaming activities. Simply applying multi-face trackers will encounter problems in target drifting, computing efficiency, and over-pixelation. Therefore, for fast and accurate pixelation of irrelevant people's faces, FPVLS is organized in a frame-to-video structure of two core stages. On individual frames, FPVLS utilizes image-based face detection and embedding networks to yield face vectors. In the raw trajectories generation stage, the proposed Positioned Incremental Affinity Propagation (PIAP) clustering algorithm leverages face vectors and positioned information to quickly associate the same person's faces across frames. Such frame-wise accumulated raw trajectories are likely to be intermittent and unreliable on video level. Hence, we further introduce the trajectory refinement stage that merges a proposal network with the two-sample test based on the Empirical Likelihood Ratio (ELR) statistic to refine the raw trajectories. A Gaussian filter is laid on the refined trajectories for final pixelation. On the video live streaming dataset we collected, FPVLS obtains satisfying accuracy, real-time efficiency, and contains the over-pixelation problems.

KeywordEmpirical Likelihood Ratio Face Pixelation Positioned Incremental Affinity Propagation Privacy Protection Video Live Streaming
DOI10.1109/TIFS.2020.3029913
URLView the original
Indexed BySCIE
Language英語English
WOS Research AreaComputer Science ; Engineering
WOS SubjectComputer Science, Theory & Methods ; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
WOS IDWOS:000584274200003
PublisherIEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141
Scopus ID2-s2.0-85092505458
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Document TypeJournal article
CollectionFaculty of Science and Technology
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
Corresponding AuthorPun,Chi Man
AffiliationDepartment of Computer and Information Science,Faculty of Science and Technology,University of Macau,Taipa,Macao
First Author AffilicationFaculty of Science and Technology
Corresponding Author AffilicationFaculty of Science and Technology
Recommended Citation
GB/T 7714
Zhou,Jizhe,Pun,Chi Man. Personal Privacy Protection via Irrelevant Faces Tracking and Pixelation in Video Live Streaming[J]. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 2020, 16, 1088-1103.
APA Zhou,Jizhe., & Pun,Chi Man (2020). Personal Privacy Protection via Irrelevant Faces Tracking and Pixelation in Video Live Streaming. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security, 16, 1088-1103.
MLA Zhou,Jizhe,et al."Personal Privacy Protection via Irrelevant Faces Tracking and Pixelation in Video Live Streaming".IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 16(2020):1088-1103.
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