In the old days the doctor was expected to maintain the patient’s life, even disregarding his wishes. The principle of beneficence and the right to life justified this understanding of the doctor’s duties and minimized the value of self-determination.
However, the juridical framework of end of life decisions was changed by new conceptions regarding the role of medicine, the patient-doctor relationship and the connection between human life and self-determination, therefore, giving raise to the so called right not to live, as an conjunction of the right to life with the right to self-determination.