Syntactic and semantic analysis has been a hot topic in natural language processing in recent years. Dependency grammar analysis based on a large number of real sentences provides the possibility to explore the deep knowledge of a language. In this paper, we used a self-developed syntactic and semantic annotation tool to annotate and calculate the syntactic and semantic information of the four verbs of exchange "tihuan", "diaohuan", "daiti", and "qiidai". According to the results, the syntactic performance of each verb was summarized into different syntactic patterns, and the characteristics of their syntactic combination and the semantic selection restrictions were also analyzed. This study finds that these verbs can appear in the syntactic structure of "ADV+verb+VOB" and "verb+RAD". The difference is that "replacement " occupies a certain proportion in the syntactic structure of "FOB+verb", while "diaohuan" and "tihuan" often appear in such syntactic structures as "substitution verb+CMP" and "COO". On the basis of the high-frequency syntactic structure, this paper analyzed their semantic dependence and finds that their common semantic dependence has four types: agent, experiencer, patent and cont, and their difference lies in the semantic dependence of "qudai" is mostly Exp; the semantic dependency of "qudai" is mostly the active "agent"; "tihuan" and "diaohuan" have their own different semantic dependency and semantic collocation structures.