Background
Accumulating evidence shows that the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC ) is implicated in personality traits. In this study, resting‐state functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS ) combined with small‐world analysis was utilized to examine the relationship between the network properties of dlPFC and personality traits.

Methods
Thirty college students (aged between 20 and 29) were recruited from the University of Macau campus, whose personality scores were accessed with the NEO ‐FFT questionnaire. Graph theory combined with resting‐state fNIRS data was used to quantify the network properties of dlPFC , whereas Pearson correlation analysis was performed to generate the relationship between the small‐world indicators and personality scores.

Results
Compared to matched random networks, the resting‐state brain networks exhibited a larger clustering coefficient (C p , 0.1–0.66), shorter characteristic path length (L p , 0.1–0.66), and higher global (E g , 0.1–0.66) and local efficiency (E loc, 0.1–0.65). In particular, conscientiousness (r  =  −0.63) and neuroticism (r  =  0.40) respectively showed negative and positive correlation with the L p .

Conclusions
The resting‐state functional brain networks in dlPFC exhibited the small‐world properties. In addition, participants with higher conscientiousness scores showed a shorter Lp .