Residential College | false |
Status | 已發表Published |
A comparison of psychometric properties and normality in 4-, 5-, 6-, and 11-point likert scales | |
Shing-On Leung | |
2011 | |
Source Publication | Journal of Social Service Research |
ISSN | 0148-8376 |
Volume | 37Issue:4Pages:412-421 |
Abstract | The Likert scale is very popular, but the question as to the number of scale points is still controversial. This article studies the differences among 4-, 5-, 6-, and 11-point Likert scales with a sample of 1,217 students in Macau, using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale as the measuring instrument. There is no major difference in internal structure in terms of means, standard deviations, item-item correlations, item-total correlations, Cronbach's alpha, or factor loadings. Findings indicate that having more scale points seems to reduce skewness, and the 11-point scale, ranging from 0 to 10, has the smallest kurtosis and is closest to normal. Only the 6- and 11-point scales follow normal distributions from Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk statistics. Results on predictive validity are inconclusive. This article discusses future applications and suggests the use of an 11-point scale as it increases sensitivity and is closer to interval level of scaling and normality. Recommendations for social workers and teachers are made to better assist when using self-reported measurement scales. |
Keyword | Interval Scale Likert Scale Normality Reliability |
DOI | 10.1080/01488376.2011.580697 |
URL | View the original |
Indexed By | SSCI |
Language | 英語English |
WOS Research Area | Social Work |
WOS Subject | Social Work |
WOS ID | WOS:000300013700007 |
The Source to Article | Scopus |
Scopus ID | 2-s2.0-79960784266 |
Fulltext Access | |
Citation statistics | |
Document Type | Journal article |
Collection | Faculty of Education |
Corresponding Author | Shing-On Leung |
Affiliation | Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China |
First Author Affilication | Faculty of Education |
Corresponding Author Affilication | Faculty of Education |
Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Shing-On Leung. A comparison of psychometric properties and normality in 4-, 5-, 6-, and 11-point likert scales[J]. Journal of Social Service Research, 2011, 37(4), 412-421. |
APA | Shing-On Leung.(2011). A comparison of psychometric properties and normality in 4-, 5-, 6-, and 11-point likert scales. Journal of Social Service Research, 37(4), 412-421. |
MLA | Shing-On Leung."A comparison of psychometric properties and normality in 4-, 5-, 6-, and 11-point likert scales".Journal of Social Service Research 37.4(2011):412-421. |
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